MCQs on Science and Technology

[Set - 1]

1. Which company recently announced a breakthrough in quantum computing by achieving quantum supremacy?

A) IBM
B) Google
C) Microsoft
D) Intel

Correct Answer: B) Google
Explanation: Google announced that it had achieved quantum supremacy, demonstrating that its quantum computer could perform a calculation faster than the most advanced classical supercomputers.

2. What is the primary purpose of the 'James Webb Space Telescope' (JWST)?

A) To observe the cosmic microwave background
B) To explore the outer planets of our solar system
C) To study the early universe and distant galaxies
D) To detect exoplanets within our solar system

Correct Answer: C) To study the early universe and distant galaxies
Explanation: The James Webb Space Telescope is designed to study the formation of stars and galaxies in the early universe and observe distant galaxies.

3. Which country is leading the development of the world's first solar-powered aircraft capable of circumnavigating the globe?

A) Germany
B) USA
C) Switzerland
D) China

Correct Answer: C) Switzerland
Explanation: Switzerland is leading the development of the Solar Impulse aircraft, which is designed to fly around the world using solar power.

4. What technology is used in 'self-driving cars' to detect and interpret their surroundings?

A) LIDAR
B) GPS
C) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
D) Infrared Sensors

Correct Answer: A) LIDAR
Explanation: LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology is used in self-driving cars to create high-resolution maps of the vehicle’s surroundings and detect obstacles.

5. Which company developed the 'CRISPR-Cas9' gene-editing technology?

A) Roche
B) Editas Medicine
C) Bayer
D) Monsanto

Correct Answer: B) Editas Medicine
Explanation: Editas Medicine is known for its development of CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing technology that allows precise modifications to DNA.

6. Which country recently achieved a major milestone by landing a spacecraft on the far side of the Moon?

A) USA
B) Russia
C) India
D) China

Correct Answer: D) China
Explanation: China achieved a significant milestone with its Chang’e 4 mission, landing a spacecraft on the far side of the Moon for the first time.

7. Which organization is responsible for managing the global internet domain name system?

A) ICANN
B) ITU
C) IETF
D) W3C

Correct Answer: A) ICANN
Explanation: The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) manages the global internet domain name system, overseeing domain registrations and internet protocols.

8. What is the primary goal of the 'Human Genome Project'?

A) To map and understand all the genes in the human genome
B) To develop new vaccines
C) To study human evolution
D) To create artificial human organs

Correct Answer: A) To map and understand all the genes in the human genome
Explanation: The Human Genome Project aimed to map and understand all the genes in the human genome, providing a foundation for genetic research and medicine.

9. Which type of energy is harnessed by 'tidal power' technology?

A) Energy from ocean tides
B) Energy from solar radiation
C) Energy from wind
D) Energy from geothermal sources

Correct Answer: A) Energy from ocean tides
Explanation: Tidal power technology harnesses the energy from the rise and fall of ocean tides to generate electricity.

10. What does '5G' technology primarily improve in mobile communication?

A) Screen resolution
B) Battery life
C) Speed and connectivity
D) Audio quality

Correct Answer: C) Speed and connectivity
Explanation: 5G technology primarily improves the speed and connectivity of mobile communication, enabling faster data transfer and more reliable connections.

11. Which company developed the first commercially available 'smartphone'?

A) Apple
B) IBM
C) Samsung
D) Nokia

Correct Answer: B) IBM
Explanation: IBM developed the Simon Personal Communicator, the first commercially available smartphone, introduced in 1994.

12. Which spacecraft was the first to land on an asteroid?

A) New Horizons
B) Voyager 1
C) Cassini
D) Hayabusa

Correct Answer: D) Hayabusa
Explanation: The Hayabusa spacecraft was the first to land on an asteroid, known for its mission to collect samples from the asteroid Itokawa.

13. Which technology is used for 'precision medicine' to tailor treatments to individuals?

A) Genomic sequencing
B) Wearable health monitors
C) Robotic surgery
D) Artificial intelligence

Correct Answer: A) Genomic sequencing
Explanation: Precision medicine uses genomic sequencing to tailor medical treatments to an individual’s genetic profile.

14. Which organization oversees the international standardization of technologies like USB and Ethernet?

A) IEEE
B) ISO
C) ITU
D) ANSI

Correct Answer: A) IEEE
Explanation: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) oversees the standardization of technologies such as USB and Ethernet.

15. Which international space station is a joint project of NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, ESA, and CSA?

A) Mir
B) Hubble
C) ISS
D) Tiangong

Correct Answer: C) ISS
Explanation: The International Space Station (ISS) is a joint project involving NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, ESA, and CSA, serving as a platform for international cooperation in space.

16. What is 'superconductivity' primarily characterized by?

A) Low mechanical strength
B) High thermal conductivity
C) Increased magnetic susceptibility
D) Zero electrical resistance

Correct Answer: D) Zero electrical resistance
Explanation: Superconductivity is characterized by zero electrical resistance, allowing electrical currents to flow without energy loss.

17. Which company is known for developing the first commercially successful lithium-ion battery?

A) Sony
B) Panasonic
C) LG
D) Samsung

Correct Answer: A) Sony
Explanation: Sony was a pioneer in developing the first commercially successful lithium-ion battery, which has become widely used in portable electronics.

18. Which renewable energy source uses the movement of air to generate power?

A) Solar energy
B) Wind energy
C) Hydro energy
D) Geothermal energy

Correct Answer: A) Wind energy
Explanation: Wind energy uses the movement of air (wind) to generate electricity through wind turbines.

19. Which material is commonly used in the production of high-efficiency photovoltaic cells?

A) Aluminum
B) Copper
C) Silicon
D) Titanium

Correct Answer: C) Silicon
Explanation: Silicon is commonly used in the production of photovoltaic cells due to its efficiency in converting sunlight into electricity.

20. What does 'NFC' stand for in mobile communication technology?

A) Network Frequency Control
B) Near Field Communication
C) Non-Fossil Communication
D) National Frequency Channel

Correct Answer: B) Near Field Communication
Explanation: Near Field Communication (NFC) is a technology that enables short-range wireless communication between devices.

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