A) Article 123
B) Article 213
C) Article 312
D) Article 360
Answer: A) Article 123
Explanation: Article 123 of the Indian Constitution grants the President the power to promulgate ordinances during the recess of Parliament.
A) Article 2
B) Article 3
C) Article 4
D) Article 5
Answer: B) Article 3
Explanation: Article 3 empowers Parliament to form new states, alter the areas, boundaries, or names of existing states by law, ensuring the dynamic administrative needs of the country are met.
A) Advisory jurisdiction
B) Appellate jurisdiction
C) Original jurisdiction
D) Writ jurisdiction
Answer: C) Original jurisdiction
Explanation: The Supreme Court’s power to handle disputes between the Centre and one or more states or between different states is part of its original jurisdiction as outlined in Article 131 of the Constitution.
A) Article 352
B) Article 356
C) Article 360
D) Article 370
Answer: C) Article 360
Explanation: Article 360 of the Constitution allows the President to declare a financial emergency if he/she believes that the financial stability or credit of India or any part thereof is in danger.
A) The President of India
B) The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
C) The Prime Minister of India
D) The Supreme Court of India
Answer: A) The President of India
Explanation: The President has the constitutional authority to make rules for the more convenient transaction of the business of the Government of India, and for the allocation among Ministers of the said business in terms of which includes specifying what matters are confidential to be published in the Official Gazette under Article 77(3).
A) The Rajya Sabha only
B) The Lok Sabha only
C) Both houses simultaneously
D) Either house of Parliament
Answer: D) Either house of Parliament
Explanation: The impeachment process for the President can be initiated in either house of Parliament, requiring a two-thirds majority for a successful impeachment.
A) Article 63
B) Article 64
C) Article 65
D) Article 66
Answer: B) Article 64
Explanation: Article 64 of the Indian Constitution states that the Vice-President of India shall be ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States (Rajya Sabha).
A) Independence of judiciary
B) Judicial review
C) Appointment of judges by the judiciary
D) A hierarchy of courts
Answer: C) Appointment of judges by the judiciary
Explanation: In India, judges of the higher judiciary are appointed by the President of India (not by the judiciary itself), which is advised by the Collegium System involving senior judges recommending appointments.
A) Public Account of India
B) Contingency Fund of India
C) Consolidated Fund of India
D) State Exchequer
Answer: C) Consolidated Fund of India
Explanation: The salaries, allowances, and pensions of the judges of the Supreme Court are charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India, ensuring their independence and immunity from financial manipulation.
A) Article 280
B) Article 282
C) Article 283
D) Article 284
Answer: A) Article 280
Explanation: Article 280 of the Indian Constitution provides for a Finance Commission, which is constituted by the President every five years to evaluate the distribution of revenues between the Union and the states.
A) Seventh Schedule
B) Eighth Schedule
C) Ninth Schedule
D) Tenth Schedule
Answer: A) Seventh Schedule
Explanation: The Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution contains three lists which enumerate the subjects under the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List, detailing the division of powers.
A) The State governments
B) The Union government
C) Both the Union and State governments
D) The President of India
Answer: B) The Union government
Explanation: According to Article 248 and the Seventh Schedule, any matter not enumerated in the State List or Concurrent List falls under the residuary powers, which are vested in the Union government.
A) Article 127
B) Article 126
C) Article 125
D) Article 124
Answer: D) Article 124
Explanation: Article 124 of the Indian Constitution deals with the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court, including provisions for its functioning, powers, and roles.
A) British practice
B) American practice
C) French practice
D) Australian practice
Answer: B) American practice
Explanation: The concept of judicial review in India, where courts have the power to strike down laws passed by the Parliament if they are found to be unconstitutional, is borrowed from American practice.
A) Minimum attendance
B) Session requirement
C) Quorum
D) Roll call
Answer: C) Quorum
Explanation: Quorum is the minimum number of members required to be present at a meeting to make the proceedings of that meeting valid, which, according to the Constitution of India, is one-tenth of the total number of members of the House.
A) The Chief Justice of India
B) The Prime Minister of India
C) The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
D) The President of India
Answer: D) The President of India
Explanation: The President of India has the power to dissolve the Lok Sabha, but this is generally done on the advice of the Prime Minister.
A) Part XVIII
B) Part XIX
C) Part XVII
D) Part XVI
Answer: A) Part XVIII
Explanation: Part XVIII of the Indian Constitution, from Articles 352 to 360, deals with Emergency Provisions, outlining the powers of the President to declare national, state, or financial emergencies.
A) Article 46
B) Article 45
C) Article 21A
D) Article 31C
Answer: C) Article 21A
Explanation: Article 21A, added by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002, provides for free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such manner as the State may, by law, determine.
A) The President of India
B) The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
C) The Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
D) The Prime Minister of India
Answer: B) The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
Explanation: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha presides over the joint sitting of the Parliament, and in the Speaker’s absence, the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha presides.
A) Article 74
B) Article 76
C) Article 78
D) Article 88
Answer: B) Article 76
Explanation: Article 76 of the Indian Constitution deals with the appointment of the Attorney General of India, who is the chief legal advisor to the Government of India.
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