Correct Answer: A) Elasticity
Explanation: Elasticity is the property of a material that allows it to return to its original shape after being deformed. Materials that do not return to their original shape are called plastic.
A) Photodiode
B) Light meter
C) Photovoltaic cell
D) Solar panel
Correct Answer: A) Photodiode
Explanation: A photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It uses the photoelectric effect to measure light intensity.
A) Elasticity
B) Plasticity
C) Ductility
D) Brittleness
Correct Answer: A) Elasticity
Explanation: Elasticity is the property of a material that allows it to return to its original shape after being deformed. Materials that do not return to their original shape are called plastic.
A) Charles’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
C) Gay-Lussac’s Law
D) Joule’s Law
Correct Answer: D) Joule’s Law
Explanation: Joule’s Law states that the internal energy of an ideal gas is solely dependent on its temperature, irrespective of volume and pressure.
A) Real and inverted
B) Virtual and inverted
C) Real and upright
D) Virtual and upright
Correct Answer: D) Virtual and upright
Explanation: A flat mirror forms a virtual and upright image. This image cannot be projected on a screen and appears to be behind the mirror.
A) Charles’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
C) Gay-Lussac’s Law
D) Avogadro’s Law
Correct Answer: B) Boyle’s Law
Explanation: Boyle’s Law states that the pressure of a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume when temperature remains constant.
A) Fusion
B) Fission
C) Radioactive decay
D) Ionization
Correct Answer: B) Fission
Explanation: Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy and often neutrons.
A) Momentum
B) Energy
C) Force
D) Power
Correct Answer: D) Power
Explanation: Power is defined as the rate of doing work or the rate of energy transfer. It is usually measured in watts (W), where one watt is one joule per second.
A) Celsius
B) Fahrenheit
C) Kelvin
D) Rankine
Correct Answer: C) Kelvin
Explanation: The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale starting at absolute zero, the theoretical lowest possible temperature.
A) Flat mirror
B) Convex mirror
C) Concave mirror
D) Both convex and concave mirrors
Correct Answer: C) Concave mirror
Explanation: Concave mirrors can create real images when the object is placed beyond the focal point. These images are inverted and can be projected onto a screen.
A) Pascal’s Law
B) Bernoulli’s Principle
C) Archimedes’ Principle
D) Boyle’s Law
Correct Answer: B) Bernoulli’s Principle
Explanation: Bernoulli’s Principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid’s potential energy.
A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion
Correct Answer: C) Diffraction
Explanation: Diffraction occurs when light passes through a narrow slit and spreads out. It is most noticeable when the size of the aperture is about the same as the wavelength of the light.
A) Sublimation
B) Deposition
C) Evaporation
D) Condensation
Correct Answer: A) Sublimation
Explanation: Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase, skipping the liquid state. Examples include dry ice and snow in cold climates.
A) Charles’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
C) Ideal Gas Law
D) Avogadro’s Law
Correct Answer: C) Ideal Gas Law
Explanation: The Ideal Gas Law, represented by the equation PV = nRT, relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of an ideal gas, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the amount of substance, R is the universal gas constant, and T is temperature.
A) Zeeman Effect
B) Stark Effect
C) Photoelectric Effect
D) Compton Effect
Correct Answer: A) Zeeman Effect
Explanation: The Zeeman Effect involves the splitting of a spectral line into several components in the presence of a static magnetic field. It is named after the Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman.
A) Kinetic energy
B) Thermal energy
C) Potential energy
D) Mechanical energy
Correct Answer: C) Potential energy
Explanation: Potential energy is the energy that an object holds due to its position relative to other objects, stresses within itself, its electric charge, or other factors.
A) Refraction
B) Reflection
C) Diffraction
D) Polarization
Correct Answer: B) Reflection
Explanation: A periscope operates on the principle of reflection, using mirrors to reflect light from one place to another, allowing one to see over or around obstacles.
A) Gravitational Lensing
B) Black Hole Evaporation
C) Neutron Star Oscillation
D) Pulsar Timing
Correct Answer: A) Gravitational Lensing
Explanation: Gravitational lensing occurs when light from a distant object, such as a galaxy or star, is bent around a massive object between the light source and the observer.
A) Fusion involves combining nuclei, while fission involves splitting nuclei
B) Fusion emits more energy than fission
C) Fusion can only occur at high temperatures
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Fusion involves combining lighter atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, typically requiring high temperatures, and it releases more energy compared to fission, which involves splitting a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei.
A) Ampère’s Law
B) Coulomb’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law of Induction
D) Lorentz Law
Correct Answer: A) Ampère’s Law
Explanation: Ampère’s Law relates the magnetic field around a conductor carrying current to the current and the length of the conductor, defining the proportional relationship among these factors.
A) Density
B) Weight
C) Volume
D) Mass
Correct Answer: A) Density
Explanation: Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance, typically expressed in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
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