Correct Answer: B) Deposition
Explanation: Deposition is the phase transition in which gas transforms into solid without passing through the liquid phase.
A) Chemical reaction
B) Nuclear fission
C) Nuclear fusion
D) Radioactive decay
Correct Answer: C) Nuclear fusion
Explanation: Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles. The difference in mass between the reactants and products is manifested as either the release or the absorption of energy.
A) Sublimation
B) Deposition
C) Condensation
D) Freezing
Correct Answer: B) Deposition
Explanation: Deposition is the phase transition in which gas transforms into solid without passing through the liquid phase.
A) Dalton’s law of partial pressures
B) Gay-Lussac’s law
C) Charles’s law
D) Avogadro’s law
Correct Answer: A) Dalton’s law of partial pressures
Explanation: Dalton’s law of partial pressures states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases.
A) Power
B) Energy
C) Force
D) Momentum
Correct Answer: B) Energy
Explanation: Energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object. Energy is a conserved quantity; the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed.
A) Convection
B) Conduction
C) Radiation
D) Insulation
Correct Answer: B) Conduction
Explanation: Conduction is the process by which heat energy is transmitted through collisions between neighboring atoms or molecules. Conduction occurs more readily in solids and liquids, where the particles are closer together.
A) Tesla
B) Coulomb
C) Ohm
D) Hertz
Correct Answer: A) Tesla
Explanation: The tesla (symbol: T) is the unit of magnetic flux density (magnetic induction) in the International System of Units. One tesla is equal to one weber per square meter.
A) Freezing
B) Melting
C) Sublimation
D) Deposition
Correct Answer: C) Sublimation
Explanation: Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, bypassing the liquid state.
A) Light speed
B) Refraction index
C) Optical density
D) Phase velocity
Correct Answer: D) Phase velocity
Explanation: Phase velocity is the rate at which the phase of the wave propagates in space. This is the speed at which the phase of any one frequency component of the wave travels.
A) Redshift
B) Blueshift
C) Doppler effect
D) Refraction
Correct Answer: B) Blueshift
Explanation: Blueshift occurs when a wave source moves towards an observer, effectively compressing the wavelengths and increasing the frequency of the waves. This is a specific type of the broader Doppler effect.
A) Charles’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
C) Gay-Lussac’s Law
D) Avogadro’s Law
Correct Answer: B) Boyle’s Law
Explanation: Boyle’s Law states that the pressure of a given mass of an enclosed gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature.
A) Flat mirror
B) Convex mirror
C) Concave mirror
D) None of the above
Correct Answer: C) Concave mirror
Explanation: When placed at a certain distance shorter than the focal length, a concave mirror forms a virtual and magnified image of the object.
A) Loudspeaker
B) Microphone
C) Amplifier
D) Transducer
Correct Answer: B) Microphone
Explanation: A microphone converts sound waves into electrical signals, which can then be amplified, recorded, or transmitted.
A) Amplitude
B) Speed
C) Wavelength
D) Energy
Correct Answer: D) Energy
Explanation: The energy of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency, with higher frequencies having more energy.
A) Subsonic flow
B) Supersonic flow
C) Transonic flow
D) Hypersonic flow
Correct Answer: B) Supersonic flow
Explanation: Supersonic flow occurs when a fluid or an object moves faster than the speed of sound in that fluid, often accompanied by a shock wave.
A) Magnus effect
B) Doppler effect
C) Coriolis effect
D) Venturi effect
Correct Answer: A) Magnus effect
Explanation: The Magnus effect is the phenomenon where a spinning object moving in a fluid creates a whirlpool of fluid around itself, leading to a force perpendicular to the direction of motion.
A) Joule
B) Watt
C) Ohm
D) Ampere
Correct Answer: B) Watt
Explanation: The watt is the unit of power in the International System of Units (SI) and is equivalent to one joule per second.
A) Reactance
B) Impedance
C) Conductance
D) Resistance
Correct Answer: B) Impedance
Explanation: Impedance is the measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied. It generalizes the concept of electrical resistance to AC circuits, and can include reactance.
A) Total internal reflection
B) Partial reflection
C) Refraction
D) Diffraction
Correct Answer: A) Total internal reflection
Explanation: Total internal reflection occurs when light strikes the boundary between two media at an angle greater than the critical angle, resulting in all the light being reflected back into the original medium.
A) Newton’s third law of motion
B) Conservation of momentum
C) Bernoulli’s principle
D) Pascal’s law
Correct Answer: A) Newton’s third law of motion
Explanation: Newton’s third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This explains the backward force experienced when water is ejected forward from a hose.
A) Diamagnetic
B) Paramagnetic
C) Ferromagnetic
D) Antiferromagnetic
Correct Answer: C) Ferromagnetic
Explanation: Ferromagnetic materials are those that can be magnetized or are strongly attracted to a magnet, such as iron, nickel, and cobalt.
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