Correct Answer: A) Priority-based scheduling
Explanation: In priority scheduling, low-priority processes may never execute if high-priority processes continuously enter the system, leading to starvation.
A) Provide a file structure
B) Manage hardware resources
C) Compile and run programs
D) Encrypt stored information
Correct Answer: B) Manage hardware resources
Explanation: The operating system acts as an intermediary between hardware and applications, managing resources like memory, CPU, and storage.
A) Priority-based scheduling
B) First-come, first-served
C) Round-robin scheduling
D) Shortest job next
Correct Answer: A) Priority-based scheduling
Explanation: In priority scheduling, low-priority processes may never execute if high-priority processes continuously enter the system, leading to starvation.
A) Improve security features
B) Reduce power consumption
C) Increase CPU utilization
D) Manage user access rights
Correct Answer: C) Increase CPU utilization
Explanation: Multiprogramming allows multiple processes to share CPU time, ensuring that the CPU is not idle and increasing efficiency.
A) File system component
B) Process scheduler tool
C) Memory management unit
D) System call interface
Correct Answer: A) File system component
Explanation: The file system organizes and maintains the directory structure, enabling easy access and storage of files.
A) The process with lowest priority
B) The process with least memory
C) The process in the ready queue
D) The process with highest priority
Correct Answer: D) The process with highest priority
Explanation: In priority scheduling, the process with the highest assigned priority is selected for execution.
A) The process completes normally
B) A segmentation fault occurs
C) The system reallocates memory
D) An infinite loop is executed
Correct Answer: B) A segmentation fault occurs
Explanation: Unauthorized memory access triggers a segmentation fault, terminating the process to protect system stability.
A) Pipes for data exchange
B) Semaphores for scheduling
C) Paging for memory sharing
D) Mutexes for thread control
Correct Answer: A) Pipes for data exchange
Explanation: Pipes provide a mechanism for inter-process communication by allowing processes to read and write data in a shared buffer.
A) Ready queue for processes
B) Run queue for execution
C) Waiting queue for I/O
D) Interrupt queue for CPU
Correct Answer: C) Waiting queue for I/O
Explanation: Processes waiting for I/O operations reside in the waiting queue until their I/O requests are fulfilled.
A) Enable user access control
B) Provide interface to kernel
C) Monitor hardware devices
D) Encrypt sensitive files
Correct Answer: B) Provide interface to kernel
Explanation: System calls allow user-level applications to request services from the operating system’s kernel.
A) kill to stop execution
B) exit for system shutdown
C) stop for pausing process
D) terminate for program end
Correct Answer: A) kill to stop execution
Explanation: The kill command in Unix terminates a process by sending a specific signal, typically SIGTERM or SIGKILL.
A) Batch processing operating system
B) Real-time operating system
C) Networked operating system
D) Distributed operating system
Correct Answer: B) Real-time operating system
Explanation: Real-time operating systems guarantee timely task execution, making them ideal for time-critical applications like embedded systems.
A) Shell process for user input
B) Init process for Unix systems
C) Memory manager for allocation
D) Interrupt handler for devices
Correct Answer: B) Init process for Unix systems
Explanation: The init process is the first process executed after the kernel loads, initializing the system and starting essential services.
A) Moving processes to disk temporarily
B) Reorganizing memory for efficiency
C) Allocating memory for execution
D) Loading drivers into kernel space
Correct Answer: A) Moving processes to disk temporarily
Explanation: Swapping involves transferring inactive processes to secondary storage to free up memory for active processes.
A) Excessive swapping between memory and disk
B) High CPU utilization without output
C) Failure to allocate resources properly
D) Continuous loop in a process
Correct Answer: A) Excessive swapping between memory and disk
Explanation: Thrashing occurs when the system spends most of its time swapping processes in and out of memory instead of executing them.
A) Least recently used (LRU)
B) First in first out (FIFO)
C) Optimal page replacement
D) Random memory allocator
Correct Answer: D) Random memory allocator
Explanation: Random memory allocation is not a recognized page replacement algorithm. Algorithms like LRU and FIFO are commonly used.
A) Manage CPU scheduling for tasks
B) Extend physical memory using disk
C) Optimize I/O operations for speed
D) Encrypt sensitive data in RAM
Correct Answer: B) Extend physical memory using disk
Explanation: Virtual memory uses disk space as additional RAM, allowing systems to run processes larger than physical memory.
A) Paging for memory
B) Semaphore scheduling
C) Process fork methods
D) Hardware interrupts
Correct Answer: D) Hardware interrupts
Explanation: Hardware interrupts signal the CPU to stop the current process and handle an urgent event, like I/O completion.
A) Ready state for execution
B) Waiting state for I/O
C) Running state for CPU use
D) Blocked state for resources
Correct Answer: A) Ready state for execution
Explanation: A process in the ready state is prepared to execute but must wait until the CPU becomes available.
A) Prioritizes based on execution time
B) Executes the shortest processes first
C) Allocates fixed CPU time slices
D) Runs only one process at a time
Correct Answer: C) Allocates fixed CPU time slices
Explanation: Round-robin scheduling assigns a fixed time slice to each process, cycling through them in order to ensure fairness.
A) Creates a new process by copying
B) Allocates additional memory to a task
C) Switches execution between threads
D) Terminates a process immediately
& stay ahead of your competitors!
* Subscribe to our email newsletter to get the latest posts delivered right to your email.