A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Verghese Kurien
C) Amrita Patel
D) Tribhuvandas Patel
Correct Answer: B) Verghese Kurien
Explanation: Dr. Verghese Kurien is famously known as the “Milkman of India.” He was instrumental in the success of the White Revolution, which transformed India into the world’s largest milk producer. His innovative model of dairy cooperatives in Gujarat, known as the Amul model, significantly improved the lives of millions of dairy farmers.
A) General K.M. Cariappa
B) General S.H.F.J. Manekshaw
C) General V.K. Singh
D) General Bipin Rawat
Correct Answer: A) General K.M. Cariappa
Explanation: General K.M. Cariappa was the first Indian Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army, taking over from General Sir Francis Butcher, the last British Commander-in-Chief of India, in 1949.
A) Satyajit Ray
B) Anand Patwardhan
C) Dadasaheb Phalke
D) Shivendra Singh Dungarpur
Correct Answer: C) Dadasaheb Phalke
Explanation: Dadasaheb Phalke, often called the “Father of Indian Cinema,” is also recognized for pioneering documentary filmmaking in India. He produced short films that showcased the cultural and technological achievements of the early 20th century.
A) C. Rajagopalachari
B) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
C) Krishna Menon
D) Shashi Tharoor
Correct Answer: B) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
Explanation: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was the first Indian and the first woman to be appointed as the President of the UN General Assembly in 1953. Her diplomatic skills and advocacy for human rights and decolonization marked her tenure.
A) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
B) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Swami Vivekananda
Correct Answer: B) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Explanation: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was a prominent social reformer who campaigned against child marriage and was a staunch advocate of widow remarriage in the 19th century. His efforts led to the passing of the Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act in 1856.
A) P.T. Usha
B) Karnam Malleswari
C) Mary Kom
D) Kamaljeet Sandhu
Correct Answer: D) Kamaljeet Sandhu
Explanation: Kamaljeet Sandhu was the first Indian woman to win a gold medal at the Asian Games. She achieved this feat in the 400 meters track event in 1970 in Bangkok.
A) Amartya Sen
B) Raghuram Rajan
C) Dadabhai Naoroji
D) Manmohan Singh
Correct Answer: C) Dadabhai Naoroji
Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji was a pioneering economist who extensively analyzed the economic impact of British colonial rule in India. His work and writings on the ‘Drain Theory’ highlighted how colonial policies were leading to a significant transfer of wealth from India to Britain.
A) Medha Patkar
B) Ela Bhatt
C) Aruna Roy
D) Vandana Shiva
Correct Answer: B) Ela Bhatt
Explanation: Ela Bhatt founded the Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) in 1972. SEWA is a trade union aimed at empowering self-employed women workers in low-income brackets by helping them achieve full employment and self-reliance.
A) Mihir Sen
B) Arati Saha
C) Annette Kellerman
D) Sachin Nag
Correct Answer: A) Mihir Sen
Explanation: Mihir Sen was a pioneering long-distance swimmer and the first Indian to cross the English Channel in 1958. His feat brought him much acclaim and inspired a generation of Indian swimmers.
A) Mother Teresa
B) Baba Amte
C) Swami Vivekananda
D) Vinoba Bhave
Correct Answer: A) Mother Teresa
Explanation: Mother Teresa, also known as the “Saint of the Gutters,” was renowned for her charitable work with the poor, sick, and dying in Kolkata. She founded the Missionaries of Charity, which today continues to provide care for those who are overlooked by society.
A) Pankaj Advani
B) Geet Sethi
C) Michael Ferreira
D) Wilson Jones
Correct Answer: D) Wilson Jones
Explanation: Wilson Jones was the first Indian to win the World Amateur Billiards Championship in 1958. His victory marked the beginning of India’s dominance in the world of billiards and snooker.
A) Sunderlal Bahuguna
B) Vandana Shiva
C) Medha Patkar
D) Anil Agarwal
Correct Answer: B) Vandana Shiva
Explanation: Vandana Shiva founded the Navdanya movement, which focuses on biodiversity conservation, organic farming, and the rights of farmers. The movement advocates for seed sovereignty and sustainable agriculture.
A) C.V. Raman
B) Srinivasa Ramanujan
C) Jagadish Chandra Bose
D) Satyendra Nath Bose
Correct Answer: C) Jagadish Chandra Bose
Explanation: Jagadish Chandra Bose was the first Indian to be elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1920. His pioneering work in plant physiology and microwave optics gained international acclaim.
A) Jamsetji Tata
B) Ghanshyam Das Birla
C) Ambalal Sarabhai
D) Kasturbhai Lalbhai
Correct Answer: D) Kasturbhai Lalbhai
Explanation: Kasturbhai Lalbhai was a prominent industrialist who founded the first textile mill, the Arvind Mills, in Ahmedabad. His efforts were crucial in establishing Ahmedabad as a major center for the textile industry in India.
A) Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore
B) Abhinav Bindra
C) Gagan Narang
D) Vijay Kumar
Correct Answer: A) Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore
Explanation: Colonel Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore won a silver medal in the Double Trap event at the 2004 Athens Olympics, becoming the first Indian to win an Olympic medal in shooting.
A) Harsh Vardhan
B) Krishna Ella
C) Vishwa Mohan Katoch
D) M. S. Swaminathan
Correct Answer: B) Krishna Ella
Explanation: Dr. Krishna Ella, the founder of Bharat Biotech, played a significant role in developing the Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV), which is essential for preventing cervical cancer.
A) Sucheta Kriplani
B) Mithan Lam
C) Cornelia Sorabji
D) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
Correct Answer: C) Cornelia Sorabji
Explanation: Cornelia Sorabji was the first woman to practice law in India and Britain. She was the first Indian female graduate from Bombay University and later went on to become the first Indian woman to study law at Oxford University.
A) Hakim Ajmal Khan
B) Hakim Abdul Hamid
C) Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman
D) Hakim Suleman Khan
Correct Answer: A) Hakim Ajmal Khan
Explanation: Hakim Ajmal Khan was a prominent Indian physician and a well-known practitioner of Unani medicine. He played a key role in revitalizing and promoting this traditional form of medicine in India.
A) Raj Rewal
B) B.V. Doshi
C) Charles Correa
D) Anant Raje
Correct Answer: B) B.V. Doshi
Explanation: Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi received the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 2018, recognizing his exceptional and inspiring body of work, which includes notable buildings like the Indian Institute of Management Bangalore and the Aranya Low Cost Housing development.
A) P.T. Usha
B) Anju Bobby George
C) Karnam Malleswari
D) Hima Das
Correct Answer: B) Anju Bobby George
Explanation: Anju Bobby George made history by winning the bronze medal in the long jump at the 2003 World Championships in Athletics in Paris. She is the first Indian athlete to win a medal in a World Championships in Athletics.
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