A) Homi J. Bhabha
B) Vikram Sarabhai
C) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
D) Satish Dhawan
Answer: B) Vikram Sarabhai
Explanation: Vikram Sarabhai was an Indian physicist and astronomer who initiated space research and helped develop nuclear power in India. He is widely regarded as the father of the Indian space program due to his pioneering work in establishing the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
A) Oslo
B) Stockholm
C) Geneva
D) Paris
Answer: A) Indira Gandhi
Explanation: Indira Gandhi served as the Prime Minister of India from 1966 to 1977 and then again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. She was the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India.
A) C.V. Raman
B) Satyendra Nath Bose
C) Jagadish Chandra Bose
D) Homi J. Bhabha
Answer: A) C.V. Raman
Explanation: C.V. Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light and the discovery of the effect named after him, Raman scattering. He was the first Asian to receive a Nobel Prize in any branch of science.
A) R.K. Narayan
B) Khushwant Singh
C) Mulk Raj Anand
D) Salman Rushdie
Answer: B) Khushwant Singh
Explanation: “Train to Pakistan” is a historical novel by Khushwant Singh, published in 1956. It is a poignant portrayal of the partition of India in 1947, and its impact on the people.
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Vallabhbhai Patel
D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: C) Vallabhbhai Patel
Explanation: Vallabhbhai Patel, also known as Sardar Patel, was an Indian statesman and a key figure in the Indian independence movement. He played a leading role in the integration of the princely states into the Indian Union and is known as the “Iron Man of India” for his determination and strong leadership.
A) Sushmita Sen
B) Aishwarya Rai
C) Priyanka Chopra
D) Reita Faria
Answer: D) Reita Faria
Explanation: Reita Faria was the first Indian woman to win the Miss World title in 1966. She later pursued a career in medicine and did not pursue modeling or acting like some of her successors.
A) Bhagat Singh
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Lala Lajpat Rai
D) Chandrashekhar Azad
Answer: B) Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose, also known as Netaji, founded the Indian National Army (INA) during World War II to fight against British rule in India. He sought the help of Axis powers and led the INA in several campaigns against the British.
A) Rabindranath Tagore
B) C.V. Raman
C) Mother Teresa
D) Amartya Sen
Answer: A) Rabindranath Tagore
Explanation: Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913, becoming the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. He received the award for his work “Gitanjali” (Song Offerings).
A) M.S. Subbulakshmi
B) Lata Mangeshkar
C) Sarojini Naidu
D) Asha Bhosle
Answer: C) Sarojini Naidu
Explanation: Sarojini Naidu was an Indian independence activist and poet. She was given the title “Nightingale of India” because of her poetic works and her oratory skills. She was also the first woman to become the president of the Indian National Congress.
A) Kalpana Chawla
B) Sarla Thakral
C) Sunita Williams
D) Bhawana Kanth
Answer: B) Sarla Thakral
Explanation: Sarla Thakral was the first Indian woman to fly an aircraft. She earned her aviation pilot license in 1936 at the age of 21 and flew a Gypsy Moth solo.
A) Rakesh Sharma
B) Kalpana Chawla
C) Sunita Williams
D) Ravish Malhotra
Answer: A) Rakesh Sharma
Explanation: Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian to travel in space. He flew aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz T-11 in 1984 and spent eight days on the Salyut 7 space station.
A) Vikram Sarabhai
B) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
C) Homi J. Bhabha
D) Dr. Radhakrishnan
Answer: B) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Explanation: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th President of India. He is known as the “Missile Man of India” for his work on the development of ballistic missile technology and launching vehicles.
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) B.R. Ambedkar
D) Rabindranath Tagore
Answer: B) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: “The Discovery of India” is a book written by Jawaharlal Nehru during his imprisonment in 1942-1946. The book is an account of Indian history, culture, and philosophy from ancient times to the pre-independence era.
A) P.T. Usha
B) Karnam Malleswari
C) Mary Kom
D) Saina Nehwal
Answer: B) Karnam Malleswari
Explanation: Karnam Malleswari is an Indian weightlifter who became the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal. She won a bronze medal in the 69 kg weight category at the 2000 Sydney Olympics.
A) P.T. Usha
B) Milkha Singh
C) Dhyan Chand
D) Anju Bobby George
Answer: B) Milkha Singh
Explanation: Milkha Singh, also known as the “Flying Sikh,” was an Indian track and field sprinter. He is considered one of the greatest athletes India has ever produced. He earned the nickname “Flying Sikh” for his outstanding performances in various international competitions.
A) Arundhati Roy
B) Salman Rushdie
C) Kiran Desai
D) V.S. Naipaul
Answer: B) Salman Rushdie
Explanation: Salman Rushdie was the first Indian author to win the Booker Prize. He received the award in 1981 for his novel “Midnight’s Children,” which deals with India’s transition from British colonial rule to independence and the partition of India.
A) Azim Premji
B) Ratan Tata
C) Mukesh Ambani
D) Dhirubhai Ambani
Answer: D) Dhirubhai Ambani
Explanation: Dhirubhai Ambani was an Indian business tycoon who founded Reliance Industries in 1966. He is credited with building the company into one of India’s largest and most profitable conglomerates.
A) Indira Gandhi
B) Mother Teresa
C) Amartya Sen
D) Malala Yousafzai
Answer: B) Mother Teresa
Explanation: Mother Teresa, born in Albania, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for her humanitarian work with the poor in Kolkata, India. She became an Indian citizen in 1948 and founded the Missionaries of Charity.
A) Indira Gandhi
B) Pratibha Patil
C) Sarojini Naidu
D) Sushma Swaraj
Answer: B) Pratibha Patil
Explanation: Pratibha Patil served as the 12th President of India from 2007 to 2012. She was the first woman to hold the office, making her tenure a significant milestone in Indian political history.
A) Satyajit Ray
B) Raj Kapoor
C) Dadasaheb Phalke
D) Guru Dutt
Answer: C) Dadasaheb Phalke
Explanation: Dadasaheb Phalke is considered the “Father of Indian Cinema” for his pioneering contributions to the Indian film industry. He directed India’s first full-length feature film, “Raja Harishchandra,” in 1913.
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