A) Parallel Architecture
B) Distributed Architecture
C) Single Processor Architecture
D) Multiprocessor Architecture
Correct Answer: C) Single Processor Architecture
Explanation: Single Processor Architecture refers to a system where a single CPU performs all the computational tasks. It contrasts with multi-processor architectures where multiple CPUs work together.
A) To perform complex calculations
B) To provide basic hardware initialization and startup routines
C) To manage the internet connection
D) To store application software
Correct Answer: B) To provide basic hardware initialization and startup routines
Explanation: The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) provides essential hardware initialization during the booting process and provides runtime services for operating systems and programs.
A) A unit of data storage equivalent to 1,024 megabytes
B) A unit of data processing speed
C) A type of input device
D) A type of computer virus
Correct Answer: A) A unit of data storage equivalent to 1,024 megabytes
Explanation: A gigabyte (GB) is a unit of data storage that is equal to 1,024 megabytes. It is used to measure the capacity of storage devices.
A) Hard Disk Drive
B) Optical Drive
C) RAM
D) ROM
Correct Answer: C) RAM
Explanation: RAM (Random Access Memory) is used to temporarily store data and instructions that are currently being used by the CPU for processing.
A) To permanently store data
B) To execute software applications
C) To manage network connections
D) To provide temporary, high-speed access to frequently used data
Correct Answer: D) To provide temporary, high-speed access to frequently used data
Explanation: Cache memory provides high-speed access to frequently used data and instructions, reducing the time it takes for the CPU to access data from the main memory.
A) High portability
B) Used for personal computing
C) High processing power and large storage capacity
D) Compact size
Correct Answer: C) High processing power and large storage capacity
Explanation: Mainframe computers are known for their high processing power and large storage capacity, making them suitable for handling large-scale data processing tasks.
A) System Software
B) Utility Software
C) Application Software
D) Firmware
Correct Answer: C) Application Software
Explanation: Application software is designed to help users perform specific tasks, such as word processing, spreadsheet management, or graphic design. Examples include Microsoft Word and Excel.
A) Operating System
B) Utility Software
C) Application Software
D) Firmware
Correct Answer: B) Utility Software
Explanation: Utility software includes programs designed to manage and maintain a computer system. Antivirus software is a type of utility software that helps detect and remove viruses and malware.
A) The speed of a computer’s processor
B) The capacity of a network to transmit data
C) The size of a storage device
D) The amount of RAM in a computer
Correct Answer: B) The capacity of a network to transmit data
Explanation: Bandwidth refers to the maximum capacity of a network to transmit data over a connection, measured in bits per second (bps). It determines how much data can be transferred in a given time period.
A) To store large amounts of data
B) To perform data encryption
C) To house multiple electronic components in a single package
D) To display graphical user interfaces
Correct Answer: C) To house multiple electronic components in a single package
Explanation: An integrated circuit (IC) houses multiple electronic components, such as transistors and resistors, in a single package. ICs are used to perform a variety of functions in modern computers, including processing and memory operations.
A) Mainframe
B) Supercomputer
C) Minicomputer
D) Microcomputer
Correct Answer: A) Uniform Resource Locator
Explanation: URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is the address used to access resources on the internet, such as web pages and files.
A) RAM
B) ROM
C) Cache Memory
D) Hard Drive
Correct Answer: B) ROM
Explanation: ROM (Read-Only Memory) is used for permanent storage of data and instructions that cannot be modified by the user. It contains the firmware necessary for the computer’s startup process.
A) Hard Disk Drive
B) Solid State Drive
C) Optical Drive
D) Tape Drive
Correct Answer: B) Solid State Drive
Explanation: A Solid State Drive (SSD) uses flash memory to store data. Unlike hard disk drives, SSDs have no moving parts and offer faster data access and improved durability.
A) CPU
B) RAM
C) Monitor
D) Motherboard
Correct Answer: C) Monitor
Explanation: A peripheral device is an external device connected to a computer, such as a monitor, keyboard, or printer. It expands the computer’s functionality and user interaction.
A) The process of copying and storing data to prevent loss
B) The process of deleting unnecessary files
C) The process of increasing the speed of the computer
D) The process of installing new software
Correct Answer: A) The process of copying and storing data to prevent loss
Explanation: Backup refers to the process of copying and storing data to protect against data loss due to hardware failure, accidental deletion, or other issues.
A) Hard Disk Drive
B) Random Access Memory
C) Flash Memory
D) Cache Memory
Correct Answer: C) Flash Memory
Explanation: Flash memory is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is commonly used in USB drives and SSDs.
A) Personal Computer
B) Workstation
C) Mainframe Computer
D) Supercomputer
Correct Answer: D) Supercomputer
Explanation: Supercomputers are designed for handling complex calculations and simulations at extremely high speeds, used for tasks such as climate modeling and scientific research.
A) To provide a user interface
B) To perform data encryption
C) To manage hardware resources and system operations
D) To store user files
Correct Answer: C) To manage hardware resources and system operations
Explanation: The kernel is the core part of the operating system responsible for managing hardware resources, system operations, and providing essential services for application software.
A) Router
B) Modem
C) Switch
D) Network Interface Card
Correct Answer: B) Modem
Explanation: A modem converts digital data from a computer into analog signals for transmission over telephone lines and converts incoming analog signals back into digital data.
A) Single Processor Architecture
B) Parallel Processing
C) Distributed Computing
D) Networked Systems
Correct Answer: B) Parallel Processing
Explanation: Parallel processing involves multiple CPUs working together to execute a single task or set of tasks simultaneously, improving processing speed and efficiency.
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