Correct Answer: B) Sulfur
Explanation: Sulfur is used in the vulcanization process to cross-link polymer chains in rubber, improving its durability and elasticity.
A) Silicon dioxide
B) Calcium carbonate
C) Iron oxide
D) Aluminum oxide
Correct Answer: B) Calcium carbonate
Explanation: Limestone primarily consists of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), which is used in the production of cement and lime, and also acts as a building material.
A) Carbon
B) Sulfur
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen
Correct Answer: B) Sulfur
Explanation: Sulfur is used in the vulcanization process to cross-link polymer chains in rubber, improving its durability and elasticity.
A) Oxygen
B) Argon
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Neon
Correct Answer: C) Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a significant greenhouse gas, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming by trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.
A) Ionic bond
B) Covalent bond
C) Metallic bond
D) Hydrogen bond
Correct Answer: B) Covalent bond
Explanation: A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, which holds the atoms together in a molecule.
A) Silver
B) Gold
C) Copper
D) Aluminum
Correct Answer: A) Silver
Explanation: Silver has the highest electrical conductivity of any element, making it highly effective for use in electrical and electronic applications.
A) Boyle’s Law
B) Charles’s Law
C) Gay-Lussac’s Law
D) Avogadro’s Law
Correct Answer: C) Gay-Lussac’s Law
Explanation: Gay-Lussac’s Law states that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature when the volume is kept constant.
A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Nucleus
Correct Answer: C) Electron
Explanation: Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative charge, located in the electron cloud outside the nucleus of an atom.
A) Filtration
B) Distillation
C) Decantation
D) Chromatography
Correct Answer: B) Distillation
Explanation: Distillation is a process used to separate components of a mixture using differences in their boiling points. It involves heating a liquid to create vapor, which is then condensed back into liquid form.
A) T
B) W
C) Tu
D) Wg
Correct Answer: B) W
Explanation: The chemical symbol for tungsten is W, derived from its original name “wolfram,” which is still used in some countries.
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin K
Correct Answer: D) Vitamin K
Explanation: Vitamin K is essential for synthesizing proteins that mediate the process of blood clotting (coagulation).
A) Iron
B) Magnesium
C) Calcium
D) Potassium
Correct Answer: A) Iron
Explanation: The red color of blood is primarily due to iron in the hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and gives blood its red color when oxygenated.
A) Metamorphic
B) Sedimentary
C) Igneous
D) Basaltic
Correct Answer: C) Igneous
Explanation: Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of lava or magma. When lava cools and solidifies on the Earth’s surface, it forms extrusive igneous rocks.
A) Catalase
B) Lipase
C) Amylase
D) Protease
Correct Answer: A) Catalase
Explanation: Catalase is an enzyme in the body that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, protecting cells from oxidative damage.
A) NH₃
B) NO₂
C) NH₄OH
D) HNO₃
Correct Answer: A) NH₃
Explanation: Ammonia has the chemical formula NH₃. It is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen that is a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell.
A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) Plasma
Correct Answer: B) Liquid
Explanation: Mercury is unique among metals as it is in a liquid state at room temperature, making it useful in various applications like thermometers.
A) Chromium
B) Nickel
C) Manganese
D) Carbon
Correct Answer: A) Chromium
Explanation: Chromium is the key alloying element in stainless steel, typically making up at least 10.5% of the alloy. It forms a passive layer of chromium oxide on the steel’s surface, which prevents corrosion.
A) Citric acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Sulfuric acid
Correct Answer: B) Acetic acid
Explanation: Acetic acid, which makes up about 5-20% of vinegar, is responsible for its sour taste and pungent smell.
A) Covalent bond
B) Ionic bond
C) Metallic bond
D) Dipole-dipole interaction
Correct Answer: B) Ionic bond
Explanation: Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from one atom (typically a metal) to another (typically a nonmetal), resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other.
A) Methane
B) Ethane
C) Propane
D) Butane
Correct Answer: A) Methane
Explanation: Methane (CH₄) is the primary component of natural gas, comprising about 70-90% of its composition. It is used extensively as a fuel and as a significant raw material in the chemical industry.
A) Nitrogen
B) Oxygen
C) Argon
D) Carbon
Correct Answer: C) Argon
Explanation: Argon is a noble gas, characterized by its lack of chemical reactivity due to having a complete outer shell of electrons. Noble gases are used in lighting and welding due to their inert properties.
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