MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 5] 1. Which hardware mechanism protects the CPU from overheating during intensive tasks? A) Heat sinkB) NorthbridgeC) Power SupplyD) Thermal Sensor Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Heat sinkExplanation: A heat sink absorbs and dissipates the heat generated by the CPU to maintain optimal operating temperatures and prevent overheating. 2. What is the role of VRAM in modern gaming hardware? A) Store permanent dataB) Process graphical data for renderingC) Regulate CPU performanceD) Improve network speeds Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Process graphical data for renderingExplanation: Video RAM (VRAM) stores graphical data like textures and frame buffers, enabling GPUs to render high-quality images and animations efficiently. 3. Which component is responsible for converting electrical signals into visible light for displays? A) CPUB) GPUC) Monitor PanelD) Power Supply Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Monitor PanelExplanation: The monitor panel (e.g., LCD, LED) converts electrical signals from the GPU into visible light, creating the images displayed on the screen. 4. What is the primary purpose of a hardware load balancer in computing? A) Enhance graphical renderingB) Distribute workloads across multiple serversC) Control peripheral devicesD) Increase memory efficiency Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Distribute workloads across multiple serversExplanation: A load balancer distributes incoming network or processing requests evenly across servers to optimize performance and prevent overloading. 5. What is the function of a hardware watchdog timer in embedded systems? A) Monitor system errors and reset the system if necessaryB) Enhance graphical performanceC) Store system logsD) Manage power distribution Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Monitor system errors and reset the system if necessaryExplanation: A watchdog timer detects software malfunctions or system hangs and initiates a reset to restore functionality. 6. Which hardware component integrates multiple processors for parallel computing? A) RAID ControllerB) Multi-core CPUC) NorthbridgeD) Cache Memory Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Multi-core CPUExplanation: Multi-core CPUs contain multiple processing units (cores) on a single chip, enabling efficient parallel computing and multitasking. 7. What type of connector is used for modern CPU cooling systems? A) SATAB) USB-CC) HDMID) 4-pin PWM Show Answer Correct Answer: D) 4-pin PWMExplanation: Modern CPU cooling systems use 4-pin PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) connectors for precise control of fan speeds based on system temperatures. 8. Which hardware provides a secure environment for encryption keys in computers? A) SSDB) TPMC) GPUD) BIOS Show Answer Correct Answer: B) TPMExplanation: The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a hardware-based security device that stores encryption keys, enhancing data protection. 9. What is the function of liquid cooling in high-performance hardware setups? A) Efficiently dissipate heatB) Increase processing speedC) Enhance graphical performanceD) Reduce power consumption Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Efficiently dissipate heatExplanation: Liquid cooling systems use coolant to transfer heat away from high-performance components like the CPU or GPU, ensuring better temperature management. 10. Which hardware device enables multiple monitors to be connected to a single computer? A) Graphics CardB) USB HubC) Network SwitchD) Power Supply Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Graphics CardExplanation: A graphics card supports multiple monitor connections, providing the necessary outputs (e.g., HDMI, DisplayPort) for multi-display setups. 11. What is the main purpose of using a thermal paste in hardware assembly? A) Protect components from dustB) Provide electrical insulationC) Improve heat transfer between the CPU and heat sinkD) Secure the heat sink physically Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Improve heat transfer between the CPU and heat sinkExplanation: Thermal paste fills microscopic gaps between the CPU and heat sink, ensuring efficient heat transfer and preventing overheating. 12. What role does the southbridge chip play in motherboard functionality? A) Manage high-speed peripheralsB) Connect slower peripherals like USB and storage devicesC) Enhance graphical processingD) Control power distribution Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Connect slower peripherals like USB and storage devicesExplanation: The southbridge chip handles communication with slower peripherals such as USB ports, storage drives, and network connections. 13. What type of hardware is typically used in a RAID 5 storage configuration? A) Optical DrivesB) Solid State DrivesC) Hard Disk DrivesD) Flash Drives Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Hard Disk DrivesExplanation: RAID 5 configurations use multiple hard disk drives to combine redundancy and performance by striping data with parity across the drives. 14. Which hardware interface supports the fastest data rates for GPUs? A) PCIeB) USBC) SATAD) VGA Show Answer Correct Answer: A) PCIeExplanation: The PCI Express (PCIe) interface provides high-speed data transfer rates, making it ideal for connecting GPUs and other performance-critical components. 15. What is the function of a thermal sensor in a computer system? A) Measure component temperaturesB) Enhance graphical performanceC) Control power distributionD) Improve storage speeds Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Measure component temperaturesExplanation: Thermal sensors track the temperature of components like the CPU and GPU, allowing the system to adjust cooling and prevent overheating. 16. What type of processor is optimized for AI and machine learning tasks? A) Multi-core CPUB) Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)C) Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)D) Northbridge Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)Explanation: TPUs are specialized processors designed to accelerate AI and machine learning computations, offering superior performance for such tasks. 17. Which hardware is used to protect against power surges in computer systems? A) UPSB) Surge ProtectorC) Voltage RegulatorD) Circuit Breaker Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Surge ProtectorExplanation: A surge protector shields computer systems from electrical surges, preventing damage to sensitive components. 18. What is the purpose of TPM hardware in secure computing? A) Enhance CPU performanceB) Manage power supplyC) Improve graphical renderingD) Provide hardware-based encryption Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Provide hardware-based encryptionExplanation: Trusted Platform Module (TPM) hardware enhances security by storing cryptographic keys and enabling secure boot processes. 19. Which hardware component allows for modular upgrades in computer systems? A) PSUB) MotherboardC) PCIe SlotsD) BIOS Show Answer Correct Answer: C) PCIe SlotsExplanation: PCIe slots enable modular upgrades by allowing the addition of new components like GPUs, network cards, and storage controllers. 20. What is the function of BIOS firmware in managing hardware initialization? A) Run the operating systemB) Initialize hardware and load the OSC) Provide encryption for dataD) Control graphical

MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 4] 1. Which hardware component is used to project computer visuals onto a larger screen? A) MonitorB) ProjectorC) ScannerD) GPU Show Answer Correct Answer: B) ProjectorExplanation: A projector displays visuals from a computer or other devices onto a larger surface like a wall or screen, making it ideal for presentations or entertainment. 2. What type of hardware device is used to record live video input? A) Barcode ScannerB) MicrophoneC) PrinterD) Webcam Show Answer Correct Answer: D) WebcamExplanation: A webcam captures live video input, often used for video conferencing, streaming, or recording. 3. Which type of port is often used for high-definition video and audio output? A) USBB) VGAC) HDMID) Ethernet Show Answer Correct Answer: C) HDMIExplanation: HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) ports transmit high-definition video and audio signals, commonly used for monitors and TVs. 4. What is the primary purpose of a touchpad in laptop hardware? A) Store dataB) Provide a pointing deviceC) Display visualsD) Enhance audio output Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Provide a pointing deviceExplanation: A touchpad acts as a built-in pointing device on laptops, enabling users to control the cursor and interact with the system. 5. What type of port is commonly used for connecting external hard drives? A) EthernetB) HDMIC) USBD) VGA Show Answer Correct Answer: C) USBExplanation: USB ports are commonly used for connecting external hard drives due to their fast data transfer speeds and wide compatibility. 6. Which hardware device is used to connect multiple USB peripherals to a single port? A) USB HubB) Docking StationC) Ethernet SwitchD) KVM Switch Show Answer Correct Answer: A) USB HubExplanation: A USB hub allows multiple USB devices to connect to a single USB port on a computer, expanding connectivity. 7. What is the purpose of ergonomic design in input devices like keyboards? A) Enhance aesthetic appealB) Improve typing comfort C) Increase speed of data inputD) Reduce power consumption Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Improve typing comfort Explanation: Ergonomic designs aim to minimize physical strain and improve user comfort, reducing the risk of repetitive strain injuries (RSIs). 8. Which hardware device can convert physical pages into digital formats? A) ScannerB) PrinterC) MonitorD) Webcam Show Answer Correct Answer: A) ScannerExplanation: A scanner captures images of physical documents or pages and converts them into digital formats for storage or editing. 9. What type of interface is used to connect a gaming console controller to a computer? A) HDMIB) USBC) EthernetD) VGA Show Answer Correct Answer: B) USBExplanation: USB interfaces are commonly used to connect gaming controllers to computers for compatibility and ease of use. 10. What type of hardware is used to generate tactile feedback in input devices? A) ActuatorB) SensorC) GPUD) Microphone Show Answer Correct Answer: A) ActuatorExplanation: Actuators generate tactile feedback, such as vibrations, in devices like gaming controllers or smartphones to enhance user interaction. 11. Which port is primarily used for high-speed data transfer in modern laptops? A) ThunderboltB) VGAC) PS/2D) Ethernet Show Answer Correct Answer: A) ThunderboltExplanation: Thunderbolt ports enable high-speed data transfer, support for external displays, and power delivery, making them versatile in modern laptops. 12. What is the main function of a hardware docking station for laptops? A) Store dataB) Expand connectivity optionsC) Enhance cooling performanceD) Improve sound quality Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Expand connectivity optionsExplanation: A docking station provides additional ports and features, such as Ethernet, HDMI, and USB, to increase a laptop’s functionality. 13. Which hardware device is used to improve video conferencing experiences? A) WebcamB) MicrophoneC) External SpeakerD) All of the above Show Answer Correct Answer: D) All of the aboveExplanation: A webcam captures video, a microphone records audio, and speakers provide output, all enhancing video conferencing experiences. 14. What kind of device would a KVM switch connect to in a hardware setup? A) Keyboards, monitors, and miceB) External storage drivesC) Printers and scannersD) Audio devices Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Keyboards, monitors, and miceExplanation: A KVM (Keyboard, Video, Mouse) switch allows multiple computers to share a single keyboard, monitor, and mouse, simplifying multi-system management. 15. Which port type supports charging and data transfer simultaneously for mobile devices? A) USB-CB) VGAC) PS/2D) HDMI Show Answer Correct Answer: A) USB-CExplanation: USB-C ports are versatile, supporting both charging and high-speed data transfer, making them a standard for modern mobile devices. 16. What is the function of a chipset on the motherboard? A) Regulate power supplyB) Store user dataC) Control audio outputD) Manage communication between CPU and peripherals Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Manage communication between CPU and peripheralsExplanation: The chipset coordinates data flow between the CPU, memory, and peripherals, ensuring efficient operation of the system. 17. Which type of processor is used in high-performance computing systems? A) ARM ProcessorB) Intel XeonC) AMD RyzenD) Qualcomm Snapdragon Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Intel XeonExplanation: Intel Xeon processors are designed for high-performance computing tasks like servers, workstations, and data centers due to their advanced capabilities. 18. What is the main purpose of overclocking hardware components? A) Reduce power consumptionB) Enhance compatibilityC) Increase component performanceD) Prolong hardware lifespan Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Increase component performanceExplanation: Overclocking increases the clock speed of components like the CPU or GPU to boost performance, often used in gaming or high-demand tasks. 19. Which component handles arithmetic and logic operations in the CPU? A) Cache MemoryB) ALUC) Control UnitD) GPU Show Answer Correct Answer: B) ALUExplanation: The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU. 20. What is the purpose of hyper-threading technology in modern CPUs? A) Increase power efficiencyB) Improve graphics renderingC) Enhance cooling performanceD) Simulate additional processor cores  Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Simulate additional processor coresExplanation: Hyper-threading allows a single physical core to act as two virtual cores, improving multitasking and overall performance. ! 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MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 3] 1. Which hardware is used for secondary storage in laptops and desktops? A) RAMB) HDD/SSDC) CPUD) GPU Show Answer Correct Answer: B) HDD/SSDExplanation: Secondary storage like HDDs (Hard Disk Drives) and SSDs (Solid State Drives) are used for storing operating systems, software, and data permanently, unlike RAM, which is temporary. 2. What is the maximum theoretical speed of a SATA III interface? A) 6 GbpsB) 3 GbpsC) 10 GbpsD) 5 Gbps Show Answer Correct Answer: A) 6 GbpsExplanation: SATA III supports a theoretical maximum data transfer speed of 6 gigabits per second (Gbps), making it faster than its predecessors. 3. Which storage device provides the fastest data access times? A) HDDB) Optical DriveC) SSDD) USB Flash Drive Show Answer Correct Answer: C) SSDExplanation: Solid State Drives (SSDs) have no moving parts, allowing them to access data significantly faster than traditional HDDs or optical drives. 4. What type of memory is integrated into a CPU for immediate data access? A) RAMB) ROMC) CacheD) VRAM Show Answer Correct Answer: C) CacheExplanation: Cache memory is built directly into the CPU or located very close to it, providing fast access to frequently used data and instructions. 5. What is the purpose of dual-channel architecture in memory configurations? A) To increase memory speedB) To reduce energy consumptionC) To enhance compatibilityD) To store data permanently Show Answer Correct Answer: A) To increase memory speedExplanation: Dual-channel architecture doubles the data transfer rate by accessing two memory modules simultaneously, enhancing performance. 6. Which hardware supports hybrid storage combining SSD and HDD features? A) Fusion DriveB) RAMC) GPUD) NAS Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Fusion DriveExplanation: Hybrid drives like Apple’s Fusion Drive combine the speed of SSDs with the larger capacity of HDDs to optimize storage performance. 7. What is the significance of a storage device’s MTBF rating? A) Indicates the storage capacityB) Measures data transfer speedC) Predicts reliability over timeD) Determines power efficiency   Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Predicts reliability over timeExplanation: MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) estimates the reliability of a device by predicting the average time it will operate before failing. 8. What type of storage is most commonly used in portable devices? A) SSDB) HDDC) Optical DriveD) Flash Memory Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Flash MemoryExplanation: Flash memory is compact, durable, and fast, making it the ideal storage choice for portable devices like smartphones and tablets. 9. Which hardware feature allows hot-swapping of storage drives in a computer system? A) SATAB) RAIDC) NVMeD) USB Show Answer Correct Answer: A) SATAExplanation: SATA interfaces support hot-swapping, allowing drives to be added or removed without shutting down the system. 10. What is the primary function of the M.2 slot on a motherboard? A) Connect external peripheralsB) Attach high-speed SSDsC) Provide power to componentsD) Install GPUs Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Attach high-speed SSDsExplanation: M.2 slots support high-speed storage devices like NVMe SSDs, offering compact and efficient solutions for modern systems. 11. Which hardware component is used to digitize handwritten input? A) Optical DriveB) Graphics TabletC) KeyboardD) Barcode Scanner Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Graphics TabletExplanation: Graphics tablets allow users to input handwritten or drawn content into a computer by digitizing their input. 12. What type of monitor technology is used for high refresh rates in gaming? A) OLEDB) PlasmaC) CRTD) TN Show Answer Correct Answer: D) TNExplanation: Twisted Nematic (TN) panels are known for their fast refresh rates and low response times, making them suitable for gaming. 13. Which input device is commonly used for navigating virtual reality environments? A) MouseB) VR ControllerC) KeyboardD) Joystick Show Answer Correct Answer: B) VR ControllerExplanation: VR controllers are designed to interact with virtual environments, allowing users to navigate and interact within VR systems. 14. What type of port is commonly used to connect a keyboard to a computer? A) USBB) HDMIC) PS/2D) Ethernet Show Answer Correct Answer: A) USBExplanation: Modern keyboards typically connect via USB ports for fast and reliable communication with the computer. 15. Which hardware is used to scan barcodes in retail systems? A) RFID ReaderB) Optical DriveC) Barcode ScannerD) Web Camera Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Barcode ScannerExplanation: Barcode scanners read the unique codes printed on products to facilitate inventory management and transactions. 16. What is the purpose of a docking station in computer hardware? A) Enhance audio outputB) Expand connectivity for laptopsC) Store backup dataD) Improve cooling Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Expand connectivity for laptopsExplanation: Docking stations add additional ports and functionalities to laptops, such as USB, Ethernet, and video output. 17. Which output device produces a hard copy of digital documents? A) MonitorB) PrinterC) ProjectorD) Speaker Show Answer Correct Answer: B) PrinterExplanation: Printers create physical copies (hard copies) of digital files like documents and images. 18. What is the most common interface for connecting printers to computers? A) USBB) HDMIC) EthernetD) VGA Show Answer Correct Answer: A) USBExplanation: USB is the standard interface for connecting printers to computers due to its widespread compatibility and ease of use. 19. Which input device is specifically designed for audio commands? A) MicrophoneB) WebcamC) JoystickD) Headphone Show Answer Correct Answer: A) MicrophoneExplanation: Microphones capture audio input, making them suitable for voice commands, recording, and communication. 20. What type of display technology uses liquid crystals for visual output? A) LEDB) LCDC) OLEDD) Plasma Show Answer Correct Answer: B) LCDExplanation: Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology uses liquid crystals and backlighting to produce visual output in monitors and TVs. ! Report Error  Share this with your friends Solve More MCQs on Computer Hardware   Back MCQs Computer Fundamentals MCQs Computer Abbreviations MCQs Computer Hardware MCQs Computer Software MCQs Operating Systems MCQs Networking and Internet MCQs Programming Basics MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 5] Solve MCQs MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 4] Solve MCQs MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 3] Solve MCQs MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 2] Solve MCQs MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 1] Solve MCQs Show All

MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 2] 1. What is the primary purpose of the BIOS in a computer? A) Load and run the operating systemB) Store user data permanentlyC) Provide power to componentsD) Control network communication Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Load and run the operating systemExplanation: The BIOS initializes hardware and loads the operating system during the boot process. 2. Which component ensures smooth voltage delivery to a computer’s hardware? A) Power Supply UnitB) CPUC) Heat sinkD) Voltage Regulator Module Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Voltage Regulator ModuleExplanation: The Voltage Regulator Module (VRM) ensures a steady voltage supply to sensitive components like the CPU and GPU. 3. What is the purpose of a network interface card in terms of computer hardware? A) Manage sound outputB) Facilitate network connectivityC) Control display settingsD) Provide power to components Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Facilitate network connectivityExplanation: A network interface card (NIC) enables a computer to connect to a network, either wired or wireless. 4. Which hardware allows a computer to connect wirelessly to other devices? A) Ethernet CardB) Bluetooth AdapterC) Hard DriveD) GPU Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Bluetooth AdapterExplanation: A Bluetooth adapter facilitates wireless communication with other Bluetooth-enabled devices. 5. What component would you check if a computer is not booting up due to power issues? A) MotherboardB) PSUC) RAMD) CPU Show Answer Correct Answer: B) PSUExplanation: The power supply unit (PSU) is responsible for providing power to all components; issues here can prevent booting. 6. What type of storage device is used to read and write data on optical discs? A) SSDB) HDDC) USB Flash DriveD) Optical Drive Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Optical DriveExplanation: An optical drive reads and writes data on CDs, DVDs, or Blu-ray discs. 7. Which hardware technology uses magnetic platters to store data? A) RAMB) SSDC) HDDD) Flash Drive Show Answer Correct Answer: C) HDDExplanation: Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) use magnetic platters to store data. 8. What is the typical speed of data transfer for an NVMe SSD compared to HDD? A) SimilarB) 2-3 times fasterC) 10-30 times fasterD) 50-100 times faster Show Answer Correct Answer: C) 10-30 times fasterExplanation: NVMe SSDs are significantly faster than HDDs, achieving data transfer rates up to 30 times higher. 9. What is the main advantage of using DDR4 RAM over DDR3? A) Increased speed and capacityB) Lower energy efficiencyC) Higher latencyD) Reduced compatibility Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Increased speed and capacityExplanation: DDR4 RAM offers higher speeds, larger capacities, and improved energy efficiency compared to DDR3. 10. What hardware component serves as volatile memory in a computer? A) SSDB) RAMC) ROMD) Hard Drive Show Answer Correct Answer: B) RAMExplanation: RAM is volatile memory, which means data is lost when the computer is turned off. 11. What type of memory is used for graphics rendering in modern GPUs? A) DDR4 RAMB) Flash MemoryC) ROMD) GDDR RAM Show Answer Correct Answer: D) GDDR RAMExplanation: Graphics Double Data Rate (GDDR) RAM is designed specifically for graphics rendering in GPUs. 12. Which storage device uses a spinning disk to store data? A) HDDB) SSDC) NVMeD) Flash Drive Show Answer Correct Answer: A) HDDExplanation: HDDs use spinning magnetic platters to store data. 13. What type of memory retains data even when the computer is turned off? A) RAMB) ROMC) CacheD) Hard Drive Show Answer Correct Answer: B) ROMExplanation: ROM retains data permanently and does not lose it when the computer is turned off. 14. Which hardware component in a computer handles caching to speed up processing? A) CPUB) RAMC) SSDD) Cache Memory Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Cache MemoryExplanation: Cache memory temporarily stores frequently accessed data to speed up processing. 15. What is the purpose of memory modules in a computer system? A) Store temporary data for processingB) Provide power to peripheralsC) Enable wireless connectivityD) Store permanent data Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Store temporary data for processingExplanation: Memory modules like RAM temporarily store data that the CPU needs for processing tasks. 16. Which type of RAM is used in most modern desktop computers? A) DDR3B) DDR4C) DDR2D) SDRAM Show Answer Correct Answer: B) DDR4Explanation: DDR4 RAM is widely used in modern computers due to its high speed and efficiency. 17. What is the function of the ECC feature in RAM modules? A) Increase speedB) Reduce energy consumptionC) Detect and correct memory errorsD) Enhance graphics performance Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Detect and correct memory errorsExplanation: Error-Correcting Code (ECC) RAM can detect and correct memory errors, improving reliability in critical systems. 18. What does a hard drive’s RPM measure in terms of its performance? A) Data transfer rateB) Energy consumptionC) Size of the driveD) Rotational speed of platters Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Rotational speed of plattersExplanation: RPM (Revolutions Per Minute) measures how fast the platters in an HDD spin, affecting data access speed. 19. Which storage interface standard is most commonly used in modern SSDs? A) SATAB) PCIeC) IDED) USB Show Answer Correct Answer: B) PCIeExplanation: PCIe is the preferred interface for modern SSDs, offering significantly higher speeds than SATA. 20. What is the role of the memory controller in computer hardware? A) Manage power supply to memory modulesB) Provide graphical rendering supportC) Handle communication between CPU and memoryD) Control network traffic Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Handle communication between CPU and memoryExplanation: The memory controller facilitates efficient communication between the CPU and RAM. ! 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MCQs on Computer Hardware [Set – 1] 1. What is the main function of the motherboard in a computer? A) Store data permanentlyB) Execute instructionsC) Connect components and peripheralsD) Provide power to components Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Connect components and peripheralsExplanation: The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects the CPU, memory, storage, and peripherals, enabling communication between them. 2. Which component is responsible for executing instructions in a computer? A) CPUB) GPUC) RAMD) Motherboard Show Answer Correct Answer: A) CPUExplanation: The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is responsible for executing instructions by performing arithmetic and logical operations. 3. What type of memory is used to store data permanently in hardware? A) RAMB) CacheC) ROMD) Register Show Answer Correct Answer: C) ROMExplanation: Read-Only Memory (ROM) stores data permanently and is often used to store firmware. 4. Which component connects the CPU to memory and other devices? A) SouthbridgeB) NorthbridgeC) Heat sinkD) Hard drive Show Answer Correct Answer: B) NorthbridgeExplanation: The Northbridge chip on the motherboard connects the CPU to RAM and high-speed devices. 5. What is the primary function of the power supply unit in a computer? A) Process instructionsB) Control peripheralsC) Store temporary dataD) Convert electrical power  Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Convert electrical Explanation: The power supply unit (PSU) converts AC power from the outlet into the DC power required by computer components. 6. Which hardware component is used to display the output to the user? A) KeyboardB) MonitorC) PrinterD) GPU Show Answer Correct Answer: B) MonitorExplanation: A monitor is a display device that shows the output of a computer system to the user. 7. What is the function of the heat sink in a computer? A) Store dataB) Execute instructionsC) Dissipate heat from componentsD) Transfer data Show Answer Correct Answer: C) Dissipate heat from componentsExplanation: The heat sink absorbs and dissipates heat generated by components like the CPU to prevent overheating. 8. Which hardware device is used to input graphical data into a computer system? A) ScannerB) MouseC) MonitorD) Microphone Show Answer Correct Answer: A) ScannerExplanation: A scanner converts physical images or documents into digital graphical data. 9. What is the purpose of the CMOS battery on the motherboard? A) Retain BIOS settingsB) Power the CPUC) Store temporary dataD) Provide power to peripherals Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Retain BIOS settingsExplanation: The CMOS battery powers the CMOS chip to retain BIOS settings and system time when the computer is off. 10. What term describes the physical component that holds the data on hard drives? A) SectorsB) PlattersC) TracksD) Heads Show Answer Correct Answer: B) PlattersExplanation: Hard drives store data on spinning disks called platters, which are divided into sectors and tracks. 11. Which type of memory is directly accessible by the CPU for temporary storage? A) SSDB) ROMC) RAMD) Cache Show Answer Correct Answer: C) RAMExplanation: Random Access Memory (RAM) is a type of volatile memory directly accessible by the CPU for temporary storage. 12. What is the primary purpose of a computer case or chassis? A) Enhance performanceB) Protect internal componentsC) Execute programsD) Connect external devices Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Protect internal componentsExplanation: The computer case houses and protects internal components while providing structure and cooling. 13. Which hardware component is responsible for producing sound output in a computer? A) MonitorB) MotherboardC) GPUD) Sound card Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Sound cardExplanation: The sound card processes and outputs audio signals for speakers or headphones. 14. What is the function of an external GPU in a computer system? A) Boost graphical performanceB) Increase storage capacityC) Enhance sound qualityD) Improve network connectivity Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Boost graphical performanceExplanation: External GPUs provide additional graphics processing power for high-performance tasks like gaming or rendering. 15. What type of bus is used to connect the CPU with the main memory? A) Data busB) Address busC) Memory busD) Front-side bus Show Answer Correct Answer: D) Front-side busExplanation: The front-side bus (FSB) connects the CPU to the main memory and chipset for data transfer. 16. Which hardware is used to cool a high-performance GPU? A) Heat sinkB) Liquid cooling systemC) FanD) All of the above Show Answer Correct Answer: D) All of the aboveExplanation: High-performance GPUs use a combination of heat sinks, fans, and liquid cooling systems to manage heat. 17. What is the main use of the PCIe slots on a motherboard? A) Connect external peripheralsB) Attach high-speed expansion cardsC) Store data temporarilyD) Transfer power to components Show Answer Correct Answer: B) Attach high-speed expansion cardsExplanation: PCIe slots are used to connect components like GPUs, network cards, and storage controllers. 18. Which device is used to convert analog signals into digital data in computer systems? A) MonitorB) ScannerC) ModemD) Microphone Show Answer Correct Answer: C) ModemExplanation: A modem converts analog signals from phone lines into digital data for communication. 19. What is the function of a RAID controller in computer hardware? A) Manage disk arrays for performanceB) Improve graphical processingC) Enhance sound qualityD) Control network traffic Show Answer Correct Answer: A) Manage disk arrays for performance Explanation: A RAID controller organizes multiple disks into arrays for redundancy, performance, or both. 20. Which storage device uses NAND flash technology? A) Hard disk driveB) SSDC) RAMD) Optical drive Show Answer Correct Answer: B) SSDExplanation: Solid State Drives (SSDs) use NAND flash memory for fast, non-volatile data storage. ! 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