A) Paul Héroult
B) Charles Martin Hall
C) Michael Faraday
D) Joseph Wright
Correct Answer: B) Charles Martin Hall
Explanation: Charles Martin Hall developed the first successful and practical method for producing aluminum through electrolysis in 1886, which made aluminum more accessible and affordable.
A) Philip Diehl
B) H.H. Schultz
C) Thomas Edison
D) Nikola Tesla
Correct Answer: A) Philip Diehl
Explanation: Philip Diehl invented the first practical electric fan in 1882, providing an effective way to circulate air in homes and workplaces.
A) Seth Thomas
B) Thomas Edison
C) George Westinghouse
D) Alexander Graham Bell
Correct Answer: A) Seth Thomas
Explanation: Seth Thomas invented the first practical electric alarm clock in the 19th century, which used electric power to ring an alarm at a set time.
A) Sony Corporation
B) RCA
C) Motorola
D) Philips
Correct Answer: C) Motorola
Explanation: Motorola developed the first successful portable radio in 1940, which allowed for mobile and personal radio broadcasting and listening.
A) Alberto Santos-Dumont
B) Ferdinand von Zeppelin
C) Wright Brothers
D) Louis Blériot
Correct Answer: B) Ferdinand von Zeppelin
Explanation: Ferdinand von Zeppelin invented the first practical airship, also known as the Zeppelin, which made significant advances in air travel and military applications.
A) John Logie Baird
B) Philo Farnsworth
C) Vladimir Zworykin
D) Paul Nipkow
Correct Answer: A) John Logie Baird
Explanation: John Logie Baird invented the first practical television set in 1926. His work laid the foundation for modern television technology.
A) Ted McCarty
B) Leo Fender
C) Paul Bigsby
D) Les Paul
Correct Answer: D) Les Paul
Explanation: Les Paul invented the first successful electric guitar in the 1940s. His innovations in guitar design and amplification greatly influenced modern music.
A) Karl Jansky
B) Arno Penzias
C) Robert Wilson
D) Edwin Hubble
Correct Answer: A) Karl Jansky
Explanation: Karl Jansky invented the first practical radio telescope in the 1930s, which allowed for the detection of radio waves from space and advanced radio astronomy.
A) Alan Turing
B) John Atanasoff
C) Charles Babbage
D) Konrad Zuse
Correct Answer: B) John Atanasoff
Explanation: John Atanasoff developed the first practical digital computer, known as the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC), in the 1930s, which was an early example of electronic computing.
A) Alexander Fleming
B) Paul Ehrlich
C) Selman Waksman
D) Edward Jenner
Correct Answer: C) Selman Waksman
Explanation: Selman Waksman discovered streptomycin in 1943, which was the first effective antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis, significantly impacting public health.
A) Barney Clark
B) Robert Jarvik
C) Michael DeBakey
D) Dr. Denton Cooley
Correct Answer: B) Robert Jarvik
Explanation: Robert Jarvik invented the first successful artificial heart, known as the Jarvik-7, which was first implanted in 1982, providing a breakthrough in heart replacement technology.
A) Frank Whittle
B) Hans von Ohain
C) William Rolls
D) Charles Parsons
Correct Answer: A) Frank Whittle
Explanation: Frank Whittle invented the first practical jet engine in the 1930s. His work laid the foundation for modern jet propulsion and aviation technology.
A) Jacques Cousteau
B) Leo Szilard
C) Wilhelm Röntgen
D) Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: A) Jacques Cousteau
Explanation: Jacques Cousteau, along with Émile Gagnan, developed the aqualung in 1943. This underwater breathing apparatus revolutionized scuba diving and marine exploration.
A) Frank Shailor
B) Albert T. Marshall
C) Charles Strite
D) George Schneider
Correct Answer: C) Charles Strite
Explanation: Charles Strite invented the first commercially successful electric toaster with a pop-up feature in 1921. This invention simplified the process of toasting bread and became a staple in kitchens.
A) Haber-Bosch Process
B) Solvay Process
C) Ostwald Process
D) Claus Process
Correct Answer: A) Haber-Bosch Process
Explanation: The Haber-Bosch Process, developed by Fritz Haber, synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, significantly impacting fertilizer production and agricultural productivity.
A) Ferdinand von Zeppelin
B) Igor Sikorsky
C) Paul Cornu
D) H. H. Focke
Correct Answer: B) Igor Sikorsky
Explanation: Igor Sikorsky designed and flew the first practical helicopter in 1939. His design established the foundation for modern rotary-wing aircraft and vertical flight.
A) Ethernet
B) Solid State Drive
C) Laser Printer
D) Microprocessor
Correct Answer: D) Microprocessor
Explanation: Intel introduced the microprocessor in 1971, which integrated the central processing unit into a single chip, transforming computing and leading to the development of personal computers.
A) ICE
B) TGV
C) Shinkansen
D) Eurostar
Correct Answer: C) Shinkansen
Explanation: The Shinkansen, or bullet train, was launched in 1964 in Japan and introduced high-speed rail travel, significantly reducing travel times and influencing rail transport worldwide.
A) Margaret Sanger
B) Carl Djerassi
C) Gregory Pincus
D) George Rosenkranz
Correct Answer: C) Gregory Pincus
Explanation: Gregory Pincus played a pivotal role in developing the oral contraceptive pill in the 1960s, which revolutionized family planning and women’s reproductive health.
A) Tesla Motors
B) Nissan
C) Chevrolet
D) BMW
Correct Answer: A) Tesla Motors
Explanation: Tesla Motors introduced the Tesla Roadster in 2008, which was one of the first electric vehicles with a long range, helping to popularize electric cars.
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