Correct Answer: B) Monitor and report network errors
Explanation: ICMP is used for diagnostic and error-reporting purposes in networks, such as identifying unreachable hosts or measuring response times with tools like ping.
A) 50 meters for stable speed
B) 150 meters for all devices
C) 100 meters for full performance
D) 200 meters in ideal conditions
Correct Answer: C) 100 meters for full performance
Explanation: CAT6 cables are designed to maintain optimal performance, including gigabit speeds, for distances up to 100 meters (approximately 328 feet). Beyond this, signal degradation can occur.
A) Assign IP addresses dynamically
B) Monitor and report network errors
C) Encrypt data for secure transfer
D) Resolve hostnames to IP addresses
Correct Answer: B) Monitor and report network errors
Explanation: ICMP is used for diagnostic and error-reporting purposes in networks, such as identifying unreachable hosts or measuring response times with tools like ping.
A) Connects wired devices to each other
B) Extends the range of a wireless network
C) Encrypts wireless data for security
D) Assigns IP addresses to connected devices
Correct Answer: B) Extends the range of a wireless network
Explanation: Wireless access points connect wireless devices to a wired network, extending the network’s range and enabling seamless wireless connectivity.
A) Identifies specific applications on a device
B) Tracks data packets across subnets
C) Maps MAC addresses to IP addresses
D) Encrypts data transmitted between devices
Correct Answer: A) Identifies specific applications on a device
Explanation: Port numbers distinguish between different services or applications running on the same device, enabling effective communication between systems.
A) The maximum speed of a network connection
B) The delay between sending and receiving data
C) The total data transmitted over time
D) The amount of data a network can handle
Correct Answer: D) The amount of data a network can handle
Explanation: Bandwidth refers to the capacity of a network connection, indicating the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted in a given time, usually measured in Mbps or Gbps.
A) Sends encrypted packets to all routers
B) Measures delay across each hop in the path
C) Resolves IP addresses to hostnames
D) Assigns temporary addresses for testing
Correct Answer: B) Measures delay across each hop in the path
Explanation: Traceroute sends packets to identify each hop (router) along the path to a destination, measuring delays and showing where issues may occur.
A) Translate between network protocols
B) Monitor and prioritize data traffic
C) Encrypt and decrypt network data
D) Resolve conflicts in IP assignments
Correct Answer: A) Translate between network protocols
Explanation: A gateway connects different networks, often translating between protocols, ensuring data communication between systems using different standards.
A) Public IP is routable globally; private is local only
B) Private IP uses IPv6; public IP uses IPv4
C) Public IP is assigned by DHCP; private is static
D) Private IP encrypts data; public IP does not
Correct Answer: A) Public IP is routable globally; private is local only
Explanation: Public IP addresses are globally unique and accessible over the Internet, while private IP addresses are used within local networks and cannot be routed externally.
A) Encrypts data to avoid interference
B) Prioritizes critical traffic over less important traffic
C) Increases the bandwidth of all network connections
D) Reduces the latency for all types of communication
Correct Answer: B) Prioritizes critical traffic over less important traffic
Explanation: QoS ensures that high-priority data, such as video calls or VoIP, gets preference over less critical traffic, optimizing network performance.
A) Assigns IP addresses dynamically
B) Determines the best path between autonomous systems
C) Encrypts data between connected routers
D) Monitors latency in real-time
Correct Answer: B) Determines the best path between autonomous systems
Explanation: BGP is the protocol used to route data between large networks (autonomous systems) on the Internet, ensuring efficient data delivery.
A) Collisions occur in switches; broadcasts occur in routers
B) Collisions are limited to one device; broadcasts affect all devices
C) Collisions involve packet errors; broadcasts involve sending to all devices
D) Collision domains are separated by switches; broadcast domains by routers
Correct Answer: D) Collision domains are separated by switches; broadcast domains by routers
Explanation: Switches reduce collision domains by providing individual connections for devices, while routers separate broadcast domains to prevent excessive traffic.
A) Dynamically assign IP addresses to devices
B) Encrypt network data for secure communication
C) Monitor bandwidth usage across devices
D) Resolve hostnames to IP addresses
Correct Answer: A) Dynamically assign IP addresses to devices
Explanation: DHCP servers automatically assign IP addresses, reducing the need for manual configuration and ensuring efficient network management.
A) Layers add headers to data as it travels
B) Packets are split into smaller segments
C) Data is encrypted at every network layer
D) Protocols ensure equal bandwidth allocation
Correct Answer: A) Layers add headers to data as it travels
Explanation: In data encapsulation, each layer of the OSI model adds its own header (and sometimes a trailer) to the data as it passes through, preparing it for transmission.
A) Monitors and prioritizes network bandwidth
B) Encrypts data between clients and servers
C) Distributes content to servers close to users
D) Optimizes database queries for speed
Correct Answer: C) Distributes content to servers close to users
Explanation: CDNs store copies of website content on geographically distributed servers, reducing latency and improving load times for users.
A) Synchronous encrypts data; asynchronous sends it raw
B) Synchronous requires real-time; asynchronous does not
C) Synchronous supports broadcasts; asynchronous does not
D) Synchronous uses IPv6; asynchronous uses IPv4
Correct Answer: B) Synchronous requires real-time; asynchronous does not
Explanation: Synchronous communication occurs in real-time, like video calls, while asynchronous allows delays, such as emails or messages.
A) Encrypts queries for faster responses
B) Stores resolved domain names locally
C) Prioritizes traffic from trusted sources
D) Redirects requests to faster servers
Correct Answer: B) Stores resolved domain names locally
Explanation: DNS caching keeps previously resolved domain names, reducing lookup times for frequently accessed websites and improving speed.
A) Provides access to devices within the subnet
B) Encrypts outgoing data for secure transit
C) Monitors and controls bandwidth usage
D) Routes traffic from local devices to external networks
Correct Answer: D) Routes traffic from local devices to external networks
Explanation: The default gateway is the device, typically a router, that forwards traffic from a local network to external networks.
A) Encrypts data before transmission
B) Prioritizes VoIP and streaming services
C) Limits bandwidth for non-critical tasks
D) Spreads traffic across multiple servers
Correct Answer: D) Spreads traffic across multiple servers
Explanation: Load balancers distribute traffic evenly across multiple servers, preventing overload and ensuring reliability and performance.
A) Transfer files between devices over a network
B) Encrypt sensitive data during communication
C) Resolve conflicts in network configurations
D) Optimize the size of transferred packets
Correct Answer: A) Transfer files between devices over a network
Explanation: FTP enables the transfer of files between clients and servers over a network, often used for uploading or downloading files.
A) IMAP encrypts emails; POP3 sends them as plain text
B) POP3 downloads emails; IMAP syncs across devices
C) POP3 stores emails in the cloud; IMAP stores locally
D) IMAP is for personal emails; POP3 is for business
Correct Answer: B) POP3 downloads emails; IMAP syncs across devices
Explanation: POP3 downloads emails to a single device and removes them from the server, while IMAP keeps emails synchronized across multiple devices.
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