Correct Answer: A) Mangalyaan
Explanation: Mangalyaan, or the Mars Orbiter Mission, was India’s first interplanetary mission aimed at studying Mars.
A) GPS
B) GAGAN
C) GLONASS
D) Galileo
Correct Answer: B) GAGAN
Explanation: GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) is India’s satellite-based navigation system developed to enhance accuracy in positioning.
A) Mangalyaan
B) Chandrayaan-1
C) Gaganyaan
D) Shukrayaan-1
Correct Answer: A) Mangalyaan
Explanation: Mangalyaan, or the Mars Orbiter Mission, was India’s first interplanetary mission aimed at studying Mars.
A) BrahMos
B) Agni
C) Prithvi
D) Nirbhay
Correct Answer: B) Agni
Explanation: The Agni missile is part of India’s Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme, which aims to develop a range of strategic missiles.
A) Observe dark matter
B) Research cosmic rays
C) Explore black holes
D) Study neutrinos
Correct Answer: D) Study neutrinos
Explanation: The Indian Neutrino Observatory (INO) is designed to study neutrinos, fundamental particles that are difficult to detect.
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Verghese Kurien
C) C.N.R. Rao
D) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Correct Answer: A) M.S. Swaminathan
Explanation: M.S. Swaminathan is known for his contributions to agricultural biotechnology, including the development of genetically modified (GM) crops.
A) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
B) Homi Bhabha
C) Vikram Sarabhai
D) C.V. Raman
Correct Answer: C) Vikram Sarabhai
Explanation: Vikram Sarabhai is recognized for his significant contributions to the development of India’s space program and satellite launch vehicles.
A) Aditya-L1
B) Chandrayaan-2
C) Mangalyaan
D) RISAT
Correct Answer: A) Aditya-L1
Explanation: Aditya-L1 is India’s mission to study the Sun and its outer atmosphere, providing insights into solar activities.
A) N. R. Narayana Murthy
B) C.V. Raman
C) Satyendra Nath Bose
D) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Correct Answer: C) Satyendra Nath Bose
Explanation: Satyendra Nath Bose’s work laid the foundation for quantum mechanics, which is crucial for the development of quantum computing.
A) Wireless Charging
B) Quantum Computing
C) Augmented Reality
D) Supply Chain Management
Correct Answer: D) Supply Chain Management
Explanation: Blockchain technology is used in supply chain management to ensure transparency and traceability of goods as they move through the supply chain.
A) Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
B) Virtual Private Network (VPN)
C) Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
D) Firewall
Correct Answer: C) Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
Explanation: Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) uses cryptographic algorithms to secure digital transactions and communications by providing digital certificates and encryption.
A) Sir C.V. Raman
B) Homi J. Bhabha
C) Satyendra Nath Bose
D) Aryabhata
Correct Answer: B) Homi J. Bhabha
Explanation: Homi J. Bhabha is credited with founding the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) and significantly contributing to nuclear science in India.
A) Enhancing flavor and texture
B) Increasing shelf life
C) Improving nutrient absorption
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Nanoparticles are used in the food industry to enhance flavor, texture, shelf life, and nutrient absorption, among other benefits.
A) Satyendra Nath Bose
B) Sir C.V. Raman
C) Homi J. Bhabha
D) S. Chandrasekhar
Correct Answer: D) S. Chandrasekhar
Explanation: S. Chandrasekhar, known for his work on the structure and evolution of stars, was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for his contributions to physical sciences.
A) C.R. Rao
B) R. Narasimhan
C) Satyendra Nath Bose
D) Har Gobind Khorana
Correct Answer: B) R. Narasimhan
Explanation: R. Narasimhan made significant contributions to mathematics, particularly in number theory and mathematical analysis, alongside his contemporary Srinivasa Ramanujan.
A) MS Swaminathan
B) Homi J. Bhabha
C) Verghese Kurien
D) APJ Abdul Kalam
Correct Answer: C) Verghese Kurien
Explanation: Verghese Kurien played a key role in the development of India’s dairy industry, making significant contributions to milk production and distribution.
A) Satellite-based communication
B) Satellite navigation
C) Earth observation
D) Space exploration
Correct Answer: B) Satellite navigation
Explanation: The GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) system enhances satellite navigation services in India by providing accurate positional data.
A) Shukrayaan 1
B) Mangalyaan
C) Chandrayaan 2
D) Astrosat
Correct Answer: A) Shukrayaan 1
Explanation: The Shukrayaan 1 mission is designed to study Venus’s surface and atmosphere to gain insights into the planet’s geological and climatic conditions.
A) Pest control
B) Soil remediation
C) Fertilizer enhancement
D) Genetic modification of crops
Correct Answer: D) Genetic modification of crops
Explanation: Nanotechnology applications in agriculture include pest control, soil remediation, and fertilizer enhancement but do not directly involve genetic modification.
A) Improved thermal insulation
B) Reduced material costs
C) Enhanced electrical conductivity
D) Increased mechanical strength
Correct Answer: C) Enhanced electrical conductivity
Explanation: Nanomaterials can significantly enhance electrical conductivity, making them valuable in electronic devices and components.
A) DNA Sequencing
B) PCR
C) ELISA
D) Microarray
Correct Answer: A) DNA Sequencing
Explanation: DNA sequencing is used to identify and characterize microorganisms by analyzing their genetic material, providing detailed genetic information.
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