A) Rajiv Gandhi
B) Indira Gandhi
C) Lal Bahadur Shastri
D) Morarji Desai
Correct Answer: A) Rajiv Gandhi
Explanation: Rajiv Gandhi, the sixth Prime Minister of India, was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1991. He was assassinated in 1991 during an election campaign, and his contributions to the nation were recognized with this highest civilian award.
A) Vietnam
B) Korea
C) Germany
D) China
Correct Answer: C) Germany
Explanation: Germany was divided into East and West after World War II, with East Germany becoming a Soviet-aligned state and West Germany aligning with the West. The Berlin Wall was constructed in 1961 to separate East and West Berlin, symbolizing the Cold War divide.
A) Battle of Panipat (1761)
B) Battle of Plassey
C) Battle of Buxar
D) Third Anglo-Maratha War
Correct Answer: D) Third Anglo-Maratha War
Explanation: The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818) resulted in the defeat of the Maratha Empire and the consolidation of British control over India, marking the end of Maratha power and the rise of British dominance in the subcontinent.
A) P.T. Usha
B) Anju Bobby George
C) Hima Das
D) Dutee Chand
Correct Answer: B) Anju Bobby George
Explanation: Anju Bobby George made history by winning a bronze medal in the long jump at the 2003 World Athletics Championships, becoming the first Indian woman to win a medal at the prestigious event.
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
D) Subhas Chandra Bose
Correct Answer: A) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi led the “Noakhali march” in 1946 to promote peace and communal harmony during the violent riots in Noakhali, Bengal. His efforts were aimed at reducing Hindu-Muslim tensions in the region.
A) Kalidasa
B) Patanjali
C) Kautilya
D) Vatsyayana
Correct Answer: C) Kautilya
Explanation: Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, was an ancient Indian scholar who authored the “Arthashastra,” a comprehensive treatise on statecraft, economics, and military strategy. He played a key role in the rise of the Maurya Empire under Chandragupta Maurya.
A) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
B) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
C) Agha Khan
D) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Correct Answer: C) Agha Khan
Explanation: Agha Khan was one of the key figures in the establishment of the All India Muslim League in 1906, which later played a crucial role in the creation of Pakistan.
A) Mahabharata
B) Ramayana
C) Rigveda
D) Upanishads
Correct Answer: A) Mahabharata
Explanation: The Mahabharata is an ancient Indian epic, traditionally attributed to Vyasa, and is considered the longest epic poem in the world. It narrates the story of the Kurukshetra War and the fates of the Kaurava and Pandava princes.
A) Babur
B) Humayun
C) Akbar
D) Shah Jahan
Correct Answer: A) Babur
Explanation: Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, was the first Mughal emperor to issue coins in his name after his victory at the Battle of Panipat in 1526, marking the establishment of Mughal rule in India.
A) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
B) Dadabhai Naoroji
C) Allan Octavian Hume
D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Correct Answer: C) Allan Octavian Hume
Explanation: Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, played a key role in the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885, with the aim of providing a platform for Indian political expression and dialogue with the British government.
A) Homi Bhabha
B) Vikram Sarabhai
C) C.V. Raman
D) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Correct Answer: B) Vikram Sarabhai
Explanation: Dr. Vikram Sarabhai is considered the “Father of the Indian Space Program” for his pivotal role in establishing the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and for spearheading India’s space exploration initiatives.
A) Akbar
B) Humayun
C) Shah Jahan
D) Aurangzeb
Correct Answer: D) Aurangzeb
Explanation: Aurangzeb, the last significant Mughal emperor, is known for compiling the “Fatawa-e-Alamgiri,” a comprehensive legal code based on Islamic law, which became a standard reference for legal matters in the Mughal Empire.
A) Tipu Sultan
B) Hyder Ali
C) Rani Lakshmibai
D) Shivaji
Correct Answer: A) Tipu Sultan
Explanation: Tipu Sultan, also known as the “Tiger of Mysore,” was a prominent Indian ruler who fought valiantly against the British in the Anglo-Mysore Wars. His resistance was marked by his strategic acumen and use of innovative military technologies.
A) Chandogya Upanishad
B) Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
C) Katha Upanishad
D) Mundaka Upanishad
Correct Answer: B) Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
Explanation: The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is one of the oldest and most important Upanishads, exploring the concept of “Atman” (the self) and its relationship with “Brahman” (the ultimate reality), laying the foundation for Hindu philosophy.
A) Maurya Empire
B) Gupta Empire
C) Rashtrakuta Empire
D) Chola Empire
Correct Answer: C) Rashtrakuta Empire
Explanation: The Rashtrakuta Empire, which ruled parts of India from the 6th to the 10th century, is known for the rock-cut cave temples at Ajanta and Ellora, particularly the Kailasa temple, a masterpiece of Indian rock architecture.
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Bhikaji Cama
D) Mahatma Gandhi
Correct Answer: C) Bhikaji Cama
Explanation: Bhikaji Cama, a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement, was the first to raise the Indian national flag at an international socialist conference in Stuttgart, Germany, in 1907, symbolizing India’s struggle for freedom.
A) Babur
B) Akbar
C) Jahangir
D) Aurangzeb
Correct Answer: D) Aurangzeb
Explanation: Aurangzeb’s reign marked the largest territorial expansion of the Mughal Empire, extending from the southern tip of India to the Afghan frontier. However, his policies also led to increased internal strife and the eventual decline of the empire.
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Dadabhai Naoroji
C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Correct Answer: B) Dadabhai Naoroji
Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji was known as the “Grand Old Man of India” for his tireless efforts in advocating for Indian self-rule and his role in exposing the economic exploitation of India by the British through his famous work, “Poverty and Un-British Rule in India.”
A) Battle of Plassey
B) Battle of Buxar
C) Battle of Pollilur
D) Battle of Wandiwash
Correct Answer: C) Battle of Pollilur
Explanation: The Battle of Pollilur (1780) was part of the Second Anglo-Mysore War, where Tipu Sultan’s forces defeated the British East India Company. This battle marked a significant victory for Mysore and highlighted the resilience of Indian rulers against British expansion.
A) Aishwarya Rai
B) Reita Faria
C) Sushmita Sen
D) Priyanka Chopra
Correct Answer: B) Reita Faria
Explanation: Reita Faria was the first Indian woman to win the Miss World title in 1966. She broke stereotypes by pursuing a career in medicine after her reign as Miss World, rather than continuing in the glamour industry.
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